Join getAbstract to access the summary!

Inevitable Illusions

Join getAbstract to access the summary!

Inevitable Illusions

How Mistakes of Reason Rule Our Minds

Wiley,

15 min read
10 take-aways
Text available

What's inside?

Cognitive illusions play mental tricks on guessers: the next time you trust your intuition, check the math instead.

Editorial Rating

9

Qualities

  • Innovative

Recommendation

"Let the thinker beware" could be the motto for this excellent and very useful book. Author Massimo Piattelli-Palmarini has done a masterful job of arraying some of the most serious and most commonplace errors of judgment, estimation and deduction. The style is mostly straightforward, if academic, and makes the meat of the book’s message accessible to the general reader. One quibble is that the author’s explanation of certain probability calculations (especially Bayes’ theorem) leaves them less clear than they could be. That aside, getAbstract.com gives this book the highest recommendation, especially for those who like to consider how people understand their world. If you are devoted to clear thinking, you could practically use it to conduct a daily scrutiny of your mental processes - an examination of cognition similar to the monastic examination of conscience - to identify and correct any inclinations to serious cognitive sin.

Summary

Cognitive Illusions

Most people are familiar with optical illusions, but few are aware of cognitive illusions. Cognitive illusions are commonplace errors of judgment and analysis that people habitually and predictably make without being aware of the problem. Like optical illusions, cognitive illusions are almost universal reactions to certain kinds of conundrums. Knowing about cognitive illusions should lead people to be cautious about intuitions, especially any intuitions of probability.

Consider, the so-called "Monty Hall" puzzle. Money is inside one of three boxes on a table. Monty Hall, the host of a game show, offers you the chance to select a box. Clearly, you have a one in three chance of picking the right box. When you point to a box, Monty Hall smiles and opens one of the other two boxes.You see that it is empty. He then offers you a chance to change your choice, or to stay with it. Should you change your selection or not?

Most people seem to think, intuitively and instinctively, that they now have a 50/50 chance of having chosen the right box. In that case, they should be indifferent about switching or not. But, in fact, an analysis of probability shows...

About the Author

Massimo Piattelli-Palmarini is a Principal Research Associate of the Center for Cognitive Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Director of the Department of Cognitive Science at the Institute of San Raffaele in Milan, Italy.


Comment on this summary

More on this topic

Learners who read this summary also read

Related Channels