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如何看待人工智能
书籍

如何看待人工智能

对人工智能感到困惑?这本指南帮你解惑

Oxford UP, 2025 подробнее...

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关键特征

  • 开眼界
  • 重要性
  • 引人入胜

导读荐语

理查德·萨斯金(Richard Susskind)是一位顶尖的法律未来学家,也是计算机法律协会(Society for Computers and Law)的主席。在这本探索之作中,他以权威的视角和令人警醒的态度为我们呈现了一幅清醒而严峻的图景:人工智能正处在增长失控的前夜。萨斯金描绘了人工智能可能带来的五种未来。他向我们展示人类在这场变革中于道德、政治乃至存亡等方面都押上了大注。他还敲响警钟,告诫说陈旧过时的体制和机构在即将到来的冲击面前不堪一击。他彻底破除了种种扭曲公众认知的谬论,疾呼人类必须保持清醒,一定要抢在机器之前拿到主动权。

浓缩书

人工智能技术并不新鲜。不过,如今它正爆发式增长。

早在1818年,人们就开始构想人工智能的降临。所谓人工智能,就是一种技术,用于完成需要人类智能才能完成的任务。到了1950年代,这方面出现了真正可运行的系统。计算机科学的先驱艾伦·图灵(Alan Turing)就此发表了一篇标志性的论文:《机器能思考吗?》(Can machines think?)。1980年代,AI 迎来了第一次应用热潮。这要归功于专家系统。然而到了1990年代,这股势头戛然而止。究其原因,部分在于互联网的崛起。它将全世界的注意力吸引到那些更容易普及的技术上。随后,机器学习出现,带来了重大飞跃。系统开始有能力从海量数据集中自主学习。这催生了一系列重大突破,其中最著名的有两个例子。一个是 IBM 的沃森(Watson),能听懂人类的自然语言并作出回答,不再是仅仅执行代码;另一个是 DeepMind 的阿尔法围棋(AlphaGo),在2016年一举战胜了人类围棋的世界冠军。

Transformer 架构的发明,以及2022年 ChatGPT 的横空出世,成了新一轮人工智能爆发的催化剂。全新的人工智能系统展现出超越人类的惊人能力。2024年,人工智能科学家丹米斯·哈萨比斯(Demis Hassabis)和约翰·江珀(John Jumper...

关于作者

理查德·萨斯金(Richard Susskind)是大英帝国司令勋章的获得者,也是荣誉皇家大律师,拥有牛津大学(Oxford)的计算机与法律博士学位。他担任计算机法律协会(Society for Computers and Law)的主席、英联邦秘书长司法与人工智能特使,并且是牛津大学互联网研究所(the Oxford Internet Institute)的创始成员之一。他在伦敦的格雷舍姆学院(Gresham College)和格拉斯哥的斯特拉斯克莱德大学(University of Strathclyde)担任教授。此外,他还是11本书的作者。


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